Finance Capital Budgeting
Finance Capital Budgeting When a company invests in a new asset, the asset usually appears on the balance sheet rather than being immediately charged against income as an expense. The asset is then charged against income through depreciation expense over its estimated useful life. This expense is supposed to match the timing of the income generated by the asset because there are often differences between depreciation for tax and accounting purposes, it may be necessary to create a liability account for deferred taxes if the tax depreciation is greater than the financial accounting depreciation. Although the income statement provides some…
Read MoreFinance Capital Structure
Finance Capital Structure To support its investments, a firm or a company must find the means to finance them. Equity and debt represent the two broad sources of finance for a business firm. Equity consists of equity capital, retained earnings and preference capital. Debt consists of term loans, debentures and short-term borrowings. Some of the types of long-term finance options that are available are: Equity Capital: Equity Capital is one of the basic types of finance. Equity capital is issued in the primary market to general public. The general public will buy the shares and will contribute to the equity…
Read MoreUnderstanding Monopolistic Competition
Economics Imperfect Competitions - Monopolistic Competition Monopolistic competition has four distinctive characteristics. There is a very large number of firms. Each firm’s product is slightly differentiated from those of its competitors. Firms are free to enter or to exit the industry. Firms engage in non-price competition such as advertising. Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which there are many sellers of a commodity, but the product of each seller differs from that of the other sellers in one respect or the other. Thus product differentiation is the characteristic feature of monopolistic competition. This product differentiation manifests itself in several…
Read MoreUnderstanding Econometrics in Economics
Econometrics In Economics Econometrics is a method in economics which takes concepts from mathematics, statistics and economics for studying various economic phenomena. An econometrician has to be a competent mathematician and statistician who is an economist by training. Fundamental knowledge of mathematics, statistics and economic theory are a necessary prerequisite for this field. It is the unification of economic theory, mathematics and statistics into econometrics. Each view point, by itself is necessary but not sufficient for a real understanding of the quantitative relations in modern economic life. Ragnar Frisch is credited with coining the term ‘econometrics’ and he is one…
Read MoreUnderstanding Health Economics in Economics
Health Economics Health Economics has grown into one of the important branches in Economics today. Today, health economics deals with the scarcity of allocation of health and health care. A doubt might arise as to why health has a relevant role to play in economics. When we observe closely we can see that health economics is the study of scarce allocation of health and health care resources. We can not that economics the study of scarce resources. A resource can not only be a tangible product but also an intangible service such as high quality health care. Health Care Expenditure…
Read MoreBotany in Biology
Botany in Biology Botany is the scientific study of plants. This definition requires an understanding of the concepts “plants” and “scientific study”. Most plants have green leaves, stems, roots and flowers. But, there are some exceptions to these general notions. The concept of scientific study can be understood by examining earlier approaches to studying nature. Until the15th century, several methods for analyzing and explaining the universe and its phenomena were used, with religion and speculative philosophy being especially important. Starting with 14th century, a new method, called the scientific method, began to develop slowly. Several fundamental tenets were established. Sources…
Read MoreBiotechnology in Biology
Biotechnology in Biology About 99 percent of our DNA is exactly the same as everyone else’s. if we compared our DNA with our friends’, about 29.7 billion nucleotides of the two sequences would be identical. The remaining 30 million or so are sprinkled throughout our chromosomes mainly as single nucleotide differences. The sprinkling is not entirely random; some regions of DNA vary less than others. Such conserved regions are of particular interest to researchers because they are the ones that most likely to have an essential function. When a conserved sequence does vary among people, the variation tends to be…
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